Territory



PUMP) Pa'fnted May 27 W] WESSES (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet P. ANDERSON.PUMP.

No. 428,997. Patented May 27, 1890.

W1] A ESSES Aiiormzy UNITED STATES PAT NT OFFICE.

PETER ANDFRSON, OF SALT LAKE CITY, IITAH TERRITORY.

PUMP.-

SPECIFIOATION forming part Of Letters Patent No. 428,997, dated May 27,1890.

Application filed May 16,1889. Serial No. 311,036. (No uiodol.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, PETER ANDERSON, a

citizen of the United States, residing at Salt Lake City, in the countyof Salt Lake and Territory of Utah, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Pumps; and I do de-' clare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will ento thefigures of reference marked thereon,

which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to pumps, and more particularly to that class ofpumps by which liquids may be raised from great depths without theintervention of a solid pump-rod between the upper and lower levels.

The invention embraces certain features of novelty, which will be fullydescribed in this specification and definitely, indicated in theappended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate my invention, Figure 1shows a doubleaction pump in vertical section. Fig. 2 shows in verticalsection a similar pump provided with self-priming mechanism. Fig. 3shows in vertical section amodification ot the lower pump shown inFig. 1. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a pump identical in constructionwith that shown in Fig. 1, except that plunger-s are substituted for theordinary piston, and a novel form of. packing is used therewith. Fig. 1shows in plan the lower pump in Figs. 1, 3, and 4. Fig. 1 shows atransverse section of the lower pump shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 4. Fig. 1illustrates details of the valves and their supports used in, the upperpumps. Figs. 4, 4 4 4, and 4" are illustrations of details, showing themanner of packing the plungers when thelatter are used.

All of'the pumps herein described have certain features in com mon,theobject in all being to raise the water through the instrumentalities ofa water or air rod in lieu of the rigid pump-rod commonly adopted.

In carrying out my invention I provide an upper and lower pump, placed,respectively,

at the levels from which the fluid must be raised and that at which itmust be discharged. The two pumps are connected by two independentconduits or pipes. In the drawings a break in these pipes below theupperpump is shown to indicate that the most of it has been removed tomakethe illustration on an intelligible scale.

In the'form shown in Fig.1 the upper pump is provided with a doublechamber or barrel] 2, in the lower chamberof which is fitted a pistonsuit-ably provided with stuffing-boxes and packing in the ordinary Way.In the upper chamber a rod 3 is mountedto have a sliding movement inskeleton bearings 4 4".

(Shown in side elevation in Fig. 19-) Valves 5 and 6 and 5 6 co-operatewith valve-seats 7 8. Thevalve-seat is-simply a disk provided with acircular opening. Each valve 5 6 consists of two plates, one of which isfree to slide on the rod 3'against the ten of being forced back throughthe valve-seat.

if at any time the lower piston should reach the end of its strokebefore theupper piston does, as will presently be described. Setscrews12 12 are provided for varying the tension of the springs 9 9 when itmay be necessary. On the piston-rod is a sleeve 14, which moves easilyon 'the rod, having just enough friction to throw the valves'-5 6 bymeans of the lever 15. As soon as the valve has been thrown over to itsseat the pistonrod slides through the sleeve for the rest of its stroke.The piston-rod is connected to any suitable source of'power that willgive it a reciprocating motion. The lower pump consists of three pipes16* 17 18, suitably held together. Pipes 1c and 17 areconneeted,respectively, at the top with opposite ends of the upper pump. Adiaphragm 19 crosses the pipes at a central point, valved openings beingprovided in the pipes 16 and 18, the valves-opening upwardly and beingmounted in suitable supports, as shown. A similar diaphragm 22 crossesthe pipes near-the bottom, said diaphragm being also provided withupwardly-opening valves 23 24. Below these valves is a chamber, in thewall of which is' a neck 25, by wliich the lower pump may be connectedwith the fluid reservoir or fountpipe 3 3.

the lower one lower sides of bothpistons below exit-pipe 2U.

, lil'ts a volnmeot' water twice as great as the.

ain. In the central pipe 17 is a'piston-rod extending through thediaphragm 19, said rod carrying pistons 27 27'. Openings 28 29 30 31 areprovided between the outer pipes and the central'onc the outer i cscommunicat- 5 1 ing with the central one on opposite sides of thepistons, respectively.

The operation of this pump will now be 'unacrstood. It must first beprimed by fill- IO ing it with water or other liquid. On the outstrokeof the piston 13, to the right in the drawings, water will be forceddown pipe 32, and by upward pressure on the piston 27 will raise thispiston and Valve-rod 3 will be thrown to the 'positiJn indicated in thedrawings, opening valve 5 and permitting the dischargeof water raised inpipe The upward stroke of piston 27 creates a partial vacuum beneathpis- 20 ton 27, and the pressure of, the outside air opens valve 2% andkeeps the space beneath the rising piston full of water. Both pistons 27and 27' .litt water and act as force-pumps, the upper one forcingitthrough opening 28, forcing it through opening 30 and valve 20. On theinstroke of the pistonrod 13, to the left in the drawings, water isforced down pipe 33 and. forces down piston 2". \Vater is then forced uppipe 232 by the amount displaced by-eitlter piston 27 27.

In the lower pump, (illustrated in Fig. 13 which may be substituted forthelowcr pump 5 described above,thrcctimesas much water will be liftedat each stroke as is displaced by any one piston, as 27. .In thismodification an auxiliary diaphragm 1!) is placed in the ceutral pipe,openings being made above and below into the adjoining pipes, and athird piston 27 used. ()11 the upstroke of the pistons in thismodification water ilows in bencath each piston 27 2'7 27, and a columnof water is forced up one of the side pipes by the it nor side of eachlisten. The valve action is precisely similar to that described inthclmver'pump of Fig. l, and the descrip' tion need not therefore berepeated.

It for any reason the piston in the lower pump should reach the end ofits stroke l'ieli'ore the piston in the upper pump completes itsstroke,thc water-pressn re on the side of theupper pump, toward whichpiston-rod 13 moves, will be greatly increased, and the plates 6 G,

which are connected to coil-springs 9 9, will be forced back against thetension ot the springs by the water reaching said plates will lift waterin the 27 and 27, the

.into the chamber 2.

through the openingsin fixed plates 5 5'. This will open an avenue ofescape for the water to the exit-pipe and allow the piston or rod 13 tocomplete its stroke. The nuts 1212' should be adjusted so as to give thesprings f) 9 the proper tension to prevent their ac tion except underthis extra pressure.

The mechanism by which the upper pump may be made self-priming, which isshown in Fig 2, will now be described. ()n the piston- 'rod 13 is aclose-fitting tube or sleeve 3:1, ca-

pable of sliding on the piston-rod, air-tight packing being providedbetween the tube and pist0n-rod. ".lo flange 35, at one end of thissleeve, is secured one end of a coil-spring, the other end of which isfastened to a perforated diaphragm or wheel '36, fixed to the walls ofchamber 1.. The other end of the sleeve carries a valve 37, cooperatingwith a fixed seat 38. A'worm 39 is secured to the sleeve, into whichgears a cog-wheel capable of rotation from the outside by a hand-wheelL0. The valve mechanism in the opposite end of chamber 1 is similar tothat justdescribed, A rod 41, connected to the valve, passes through asleeve 42, fixed on a skeleton support mounted in the chamber, acoil-spring tending to normally hold the valve against its seat. Inthechamher 1, on opposite sides of the limits of the piston-stroke, arevalves 43 44-, which openinwardly and prevent the entrance of airto thechamber as the piston recedes from the valve,

Over the ends of the chamber 1. are safetyplaced casings, as shown,havingan opening screw-stems and handles on the outside, are arranged inoperative relation to the open ings, so that they maybe opened orclosethas desired. The valvesfi b of the upper chamber are similar tothose described in connect-ion with .Fig. '1. i No connection with. thepiston'- rod 13 is, however, used. A discharge-pipe 2H andconnecting-pipes32 33, extending to the lower pump, are provided, as-inFig/l, tne

connecting-pipes being shown in dotted lines. \Vhen the automaticpriming apparatus just described is used,thc lower pump is prov ded withspring-valvcs and blow-oft cocks t8 t8, which are simple faucets with aspring valve, to prevent the passagc ot water or air, except underdefinite high pressure. When the faucets are opened, the air or watercan be forced out in V a way presently to be described. These faucetsare placed under the diaphragm 15) of the lower pump.

In using the priming apparatus just de.

scribed. the gates 4-7 -17 should firstbe closed by screwing themagainst the edges of the openings with which they co-operatei- Thepiston 13 is then thrown into action. A steamcylinder 45) isshown as thesource of power. As the piston moves to the right it compresses theairinfront ol. it and opens valve 37,forcing air into the pipe 32. The valve1 3 opens valves 45 to, over the stems of which are At the ends ofchamber 2 are openings communicating with chamber l, and gates or valves4.7 47, provided with under external pressure and'keeps the chamber 1behind the piston full of air at an ordinary density. When the pistonmakes the return-stroke, this air is compressed, opens valve 37, and theair in the pipe, 33 is com the escape of air when this air has beensufficiently compressed. At such times the valves 37 37 are opened bythe gear and worm already described,and may be locked against returningby a pawl and ratchet on the outside, as shown, the pawl being thrownoff the ratchet during the compressing stage above 4 described.

In this'condition of the apparatus the action will be as follows: As thepiston is operated,

the air will be forced down one pipe and up the-other, the piston 27 27in the lower pump following the movement of the piston in the upperpump. In other words, the air in the pipes 32 33 has been compressed tosuch a degree that it performs the functions of a pump-rod. When theupper pump-piston moves to the right, the 'column of compressed air inpipe 32 acts on under side of piston 27 and lifts the piston, the risingcolumn in pipe 33 permitting the ascent. On the other hand,

when the upperpumprpiston moves to the left the reverse action takesplace, and lower pump-piston 27 is forced down. At every descent of thepiston water is taken into left pipe through valve 23, and at everyascent of the piston, water is taken into the right pipe through valve24. This will continue until the entering water displaces enough air tomake the pressure on the upper side of valves 23 24; equal to thepressure of the entering water. The spring-valves in the faucets 48 48'should be set so that when this occurs air will be forced out. As theaction of the pump continues, water will finally be forced through thefaucets, when they must be closed by the cooks. After the cocks areturned off the pressure on the upstroke of the piston 27 f will bethrown on valve 20, and through it on the column of compressed air ofpipe 33, and the pressure on the downstroke of piston 27 will be exertedon valve 21, and through it on the column of compressed air in pipe 32.This additional pressure opens, the reliefvalves 45 46 alternately andpermits the column of water to rise in the pipes 32 33 through thevalves 20 21, the water displacing the air,

which escapes through the relief-valves. This.

since each of the lower pump-pistons 27 27' lifts a column of Wat-er,the action of the valves 5 5 in the upper chamber 2 of the upper pumpwill be similar to the action already described in Fig. 1-viz., as thepistonrod 13 moves to the right the right valvev 5 will be closedand theleft one opened, permitting the discharge of the water lifted in theleftpipe of the pump. This action proceeds continuously and the water isdischarged through exit-pipe 26.

The pump shown in Fig 4 has the same mode of operation as that shown inFig. 1, ex-

cept that a plunger is substituted for the piston shown in said Fig.1,and a novel form of packing is used in connection with the plunger toprevent the escape of water from one side of the chamber to the other.The walls of the chamber in the upper and lower pumps in'which theplungers move have an annular recess, as shown at 51 51, in which areplaced four segmental packing-strips 6O 60, (see Fig. 4,) arranged tooverlap, as shown in Fig. 4". These segments, when placed in the annularrecess, are encircled by metallic bands 61 61, (see Fig. 4: the ends ofwhich are bent outwardly and project through openings in the sides ofthe chamber. The nuts on the bolts 53 are tightened sufficiently to makethe packing Water-tight.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desireto'secure'by Letters Patent, is

1. An apparatus for raising liquids from great depths, comprising anupper-pump provided with a reciprocating piston and valves leading to adischarge-pipe, said valves opening on-opposite sides of the piston, andindependent pipes leading from opposite sides of the piston to a lowerpump provided with three pipes having transverse diaphragms 19 22,upwardly-opening valves 20 21 23 24, openings 28 29 24: 30, and pistons27 27, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. A pump-valve comprising a perforated plate and a seat thereforrelatively movable and a spring-pressed disk adapted to move through thevalve-seat, said disk normally IIO covering the openings in the plate,whereby on extraordinary pressure on the valve the disk will relieve thepressure by uncovering the openings.

3. A pump-valve comprising a perforated plate and a seat thereforrelatively movable, a spriugpressed disk adapted to move through'thevalve-seat, said disk nonxally covering the openings in the platewherebyon extraordinary pressure on the valve the disk will relieve thepressure by uncovering forations.

5. The combination of a suitable lower pump and an upper pump havingchambers 1 and 2, a reciprocating piston in one chamber, valves 5 6Z5 6and their co-operating seats in the other chamber, said valvescontaining a relief. device capable 0t yielding under abnormal pressureand opening a passage through the valve, and a discharge-pipe openinginto the last named chamber at a point'between the valves.

6. The combination of an upper pump containing a reciprocating piston,pipes communicating with opposite sides of the piston,

discharge-valves opening alternately on opposite sides of the piston,and a lower pump comprising pipes 16, 1'7, and 18, diaphragms 19 and22,with their eo-operating valves, as described, one or more auxiliarydiaphragms 19', anda multiplex piston in pipe 17, coopcrating withopenings, as described, intopipes 16 18, as and for the purpose setforth.

7.111 a self-primingdouble-action pump, the combination ofchambers 1 2,reciprocating piston in chamber 1, ,inwardly opening air-valves L3 tgelastic valves opening away from the piston on opposite sidesof thelatter, and ,itelief-valves in chamber 2, connecting pipes 3E2 Elllto alower pump compris ing pipes 16 1-8,pipe 17, containing adouhle piston,diaphragnis 19 and 22, valves co-operatingwith said diaphragms,asdescribed,

and reiiefivalves below diaphragm 19,115 and for the purpose set forth.

8. In a self-priming puinpfor raising liquidsfrom great depths, thecombination of a lower pump containing suction and force pistons, pipesconnecting it with the upper level, the ,lowerpump-pistons being actucited by pressure in said pipes,-'an upper pump containingairgcompressing appa ratus eonncctcd with the pipes, valves forrelie'vin the air-pressure at a definite point, and a'valvecontrolledediietion opening at the upper level, whereby the pump may first beprimed by air-pressure and then actuated by hydraulic pressure.

9. The combination of a combined suction and force pump at a lowerlevel, the actuating-piston for the same being controlled by pressure inpipes leading to the upper level, and a pump said pipes, said pumpcomprising a pressurepiston for exerting pressure alternately in adefinite degree of pressure,

and 22, valves co-ope rating I phragms, as described, and relief-valvesbeat the upper level connected to opposite pipes, air-valves foradmitting air behind the piston, eduction-valvcs controlling adischargeopening alternately on opposite sides of the pressurepiston, agate for discstablishing communication with the discharge valves, and arelief-valvc controlling an independentdischarge-opening and operated atwhereby the pump may be first primed by the action of compressed airacting as a pump-rod and then operated by the water acting as a pumprod.

10. The combination of a combined suction and force pump at a lowerlevel and apnmp at an upperlevel, comprising'chambeigs 1 and 2,reciprocating piston in chamber 1, inwardly-opening air-valves 43 44,elastic valves 37 37, opening away from the piston, mcans-forholdingsaid valves open after the pump be comes primed, gates todisestablish communication with chamber 2, and discharge-valves inchamber 2.

11. In a self-priming double-action pump, the combination of chambers 1and S2, reciprocating piston in chamber 1, in wardly-opcning air-valves43 44, elastic valves opening away from the piston on opposite sides ofthe latter, discharge-valves in chamber 2.0penin g alternately onopposite sides of the piston- "ates 47 47and connectin )i cs 32 331 0 as r: l P

lower pump comprising pipes 16 18, pipe 17,

containing a doublc piston, diaphragms 1E) with said dialow diaphragm19, as and for the purpose set v 12 The co'mbination; Withaplunger-piston,

of cylinder or pipe in which it moves, said pipe being provided with anannular recess, two or more packing-rings composed of overlappingsegments in said recess, metallic bands around the, rings, theextremities of thebands extending through openings in the pipe, andmeans for drawing the extremities togetherto compress the rings in therecess and u 'iontheplunger.

13. A pump comprising a chamber at an uppeiflevel containingareciprocatin g piston, a chamber at a lower level containing alifting-piston reciprocated by the upper piston through theinstrumentality of column of water acting as a purnpgod, and a relief-'valve for the water column controlling an opening throughadischarge-valve and capabio of yielding to permit the pistons tocomplete their strokes when out of unison.

In testimony whereof I afiiir my signature in presence of two witnesses.

i I PETER ANDERSON. NVitncsses:

(1120,13. YEADON, FRE ERICK G. HEATH.

